The answer to this is a group of individuals many species living in an area.
Take for example - you touching something sharp and instantly moving your hand away.
Sensory neurons in your fingers detect the external stimuli of the sharp object and send a nerve impulse to the spinal cord (does not reach brain) and is sent back to a motor neurone - attached to an effector that moves the muscle and moves the hand away. This is a rapid reflex action and involuntary.
Answer:
Parental genotypes: RrBb, RRBB
Offspring phenotype: Running and black hair
Explanation:
Given, Running (R) is dominant over waltzing (r)
Black hair (B) is dominant over brown hair (b)
Parent 1: Heterozygous running, heterozygous black = RrBb
Parent 2: Homozygous running, homozygous black = RRBB
When they mate ( RrBb X RRBB ) :
Gametes produced by RrBb = RB, Rb, rB, rb
Gametes produced by RRBB = RB
Offspring:
RB Rb rB rb
RB RRBB RRBb RrBB RrBb
All offspring mice will be running mice and will have black hair because all the four types of genotype at least have one dominant allele for both the genes.
We can use a punnet square to predict the outcomes of the offspring when crossing two tall plants, and base the experiment we will perform on those probabilities.
A punnet square is a tool used by many genetic scientists. It uses the genetic makeup of the parents to guess those of the offspring. The punnet square will give us probabilities for each outcome. We can design an experiment in which we make predictions using a punnet square based on Hom-ozygous alleles and heterozygous alleles.
Only by using two Hom-ozygous plants can we guarantee 100% tall plants, and only by using two heterozygous plants can we produce a short plant. Therefore, we can repeat the experiments until a short plant appears or we can only tall plants, and this way we can single out the Hom-ozygous and heterozygous plants.
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I’m pretty sure with the electron microscope you can see better. Let me know if I was wrong or right! Have a good rest fo your day as well!
