<span>
<span>The collapse of communism and the rise of ethnic strife plunged the southern fringes of the former Soviet Union into turmoil, particularly in the Caucasus where some 1.5 million people had been forced from their homes in Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan.</span></span>
Land surrounded by water. :)
b. a hope that democracy would spread.
Explanation:
Nelson Mandela is probably the most recognizable person from Africa and one of the most influential people from this continent. He was a human rights fighter and his main goal was that South Africa and later the rest of Africa gets rid off the European rule, democracy is established, everyone to have the same rights and opportunities.
This was a partial success. Mandela became a president of South Africa and the situation quickly changed in the country. The Africans were ruling their own country in their own way and that was seen as a great achievement. On the other hand, numerous groups emerged and were allowed to exist which were openly spreading hatred and were attacking and murdering the white people in the country. One of the people involved in this was actually Nelson Mandela's wife which was actually responsible for burning people alive. It was not democracy by no means, instead it seemed that the cards have just switched.
Lot of African countries saw this as an opportunity to become democratic and rule themselves. Pretty much all of the African countries indeed started to rule themselves, and Africa became truly African. The problem was that in most of those countries there was not a democracy. The white people were attacked. Their properties taken without compensation. They were forced to live the countries, and many were even murdered. A good example is Zimbabwe.
