The correct options are as follows:
1. D.
<span>A clade refers to a group of organisms that are made up of evolutionary descendants that originated from a common ancestor. A clade that will survive a series of catastrophic events must be one that is made up of distantly related and diverse species. This is because, those species will have different type of adaptability capacity and will be able to adapt in different ways to the catastrophic events. Due to the differences in their ability to adapt, some of the specie will survive the catastrophic events even if others are wipe out.
2. B.
The mass extinction of one specie usually creates space for another new specie to survive. The new specie that survive the old one may possess the ability to adapt to the event that wipe out the former set of living organisms and thus, the new specie will be able to occupy and reproduce in their new space. Mass extinction is said to occur when the whole population of living organism living in an ecosystem are wipe out as a result of unfavorable conditions.
3. B.
Convergent evolution refers to the independent evolution of similar features in species that arise from different lineages. The species involved usually evolve these traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments. Convergent evolution usually result in evolution of analogous structures, that is, structures that have similar forms or functions but which are not present in the last common ancestors of the species.
4. C.
In evolution, gradualism refers to theory that states that evolution occurs slowly and gradually, thus, large changes in evolution are actually product of small changes that occur over a long period of time. The theory of gradualism was originally proposed by James Hutton in 1795.
5. C.
Mass extinction refers to the wiping out of a a large number of species within a very short time. Mass extinction can occur as a result of severe unfavorable conditions that all the species in an ecosystem can not adapt to. An instance of this is a drastic decrease in global temperature after several massive volcanic eruptions.</span>
Answer:
Gated ion-channels
Explanation:
These ion channels are protein molecules that act as a passageway which span across the cell membrane allowing the movement of ions from one side of the membrane to the other. They possess the ability to open and close in response to either chemical or mechanical signals.They possess a fluidic pore, which becomes available to ions after a conformational change in the protein structure has been activated causing the ion channel to open. Based on the stimulus to which they respond, ion channels are divided into three groups: voltage-gated, ligand-gated and mechano-sensitive ion channels. Channels responding to electrical (voltage-dependent ion channels), mechanical, or chemical (ligand-gated ion channels) stimuli open and allow rapid ion movement into or out of the cell, and this movement creates an electrical signals.
Answer:
a. bubbles formed
Explanation:
Bubbles are a sign of gaseous molecules escaping, meaning that something has forced molecules to break apart and escape. A chemical reaction involves any change that directly impacts the molecular formation of a substance.
The muscular system contributes to maintaining homeostasis by working with other body systems to regulate body temperature and dilate or constrict blood vessels close to the skin's surface, according to OpenCurriculum. The muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine and integumentary systems work together to cause sweating and shivering in the body, which contribute to homeostasis.
Answer:
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream.
Explanation:
Digestion works by moving food through the GI tract. Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and ends in the small intestine. As food passes through the GI tract, it mixes with digestive juices, causing large molecules of food to break down into smaller molecules. The body then absorbs these smaller molecules through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream, which delivers them to the rest of the body. Waste products of digestion pass through the large intestine and out of the body as a solid matter called stool.
