The answer is protect the body from infection by pathogens
The physical barrier is made of epithelial cells, mostly will be keratinized to increase their sturdiness further. They will impede the pathogen physically by barricading the cells, makes the pathogen could not invade deeper part of the body. Histamine and antibodies should be the role of immune cells, not epithelial.
Answer:
They are different from rocky or terrestrial planets that are made of mostly rock. Unlike rocky planets, gas giants do not have a well-defined surface – there is no clear boundary between where the atmosphere ends and the surface starts! The gas giants have atmospheres that are mostly hydrogen and helium.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Translation
Explanation:
When assembled in the nucleus, mRNA peels off and moves to the cytoplasm. Here, it attaches to a ribosome. As the mRNA moves along the ribosome its information is translated into the appropriate amino acids which are assembled into a polypeptide.
A phylogeny is an evolutionary ”tree” of related
organisms that can be constructed by using
information obtained from the genetic material.
Genetic information is contained in all living cells,
in the form of long DNA molecules that take the
shape of connected double- stranded spirals
(DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA
spirals, or “helixes”, are tightly compressed in the
nucleus of every cell. Their information is
organized into a code made up of four small
molecules — the building blocks of DNA. The
molecules, called nucleotides, are labelled:
A (adenine), C (cytosine), G (guanine) and T
(thymine).
It is possible to draw conclusions about the
evolution of a group of plant or animal species,
and the relationships among them, by comparing
selected pieces of DNA.
