According to Michael Kremer, large populations c. are a prerequisite for technological advances and higher living standards.
<h3>Who is Michael Kremer?</h3>
Michael Kremer is an American development economist and a Nobel Prize winner for developing an innovative economic theory for poverty alleviation, especially in large populations.
Michael Kremer did not think that large populations disadvantaged the nation, but it could be a factor in increasing the living standards through technological advances.
Thus, according to Michael Kremer, large populations c. are a prerequisite for technological advances and higher living standards.
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Two special methods vital to marketing researches are <u>sampling</u> and <u>statistical inference.</u>
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Answer:
When a taxpayer has an underpayment of estimated tax or fall behind on his/her tax prepayment, then he/she is required to pay a penalty on Form 2210. This penalty is called underpayment penalty.
According to the tax laws, Mr. P and Ms. S can avoid an underpayment penalty if their withholding's and estimated tax payments equal or exceed one of the following two safe harbors:
- 90 percent of current tax liability ($200,000 x 90% = $180,000)
- 110 percent of previous year tax liability (110% x $170,000 = $187,000)
From the above calculation, it is clear that Mr. P and Ms. S's withholding's ($175,000) do not equal or exceed the amount of two safe harbors. So, they need to increase their withholding's or make estimated payments to avoid underpayment penalty.
If Mr. P and Ms. S increase their withholding's by $5,000 or make estimated payments of $1,250
per quarter ($5000/4), they can avoid the underpayment penalty.
Mr. Paula and Simon average gross income is greater than $150,000, so 110% is taken.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
These are worth careful scrutiny by the managers of all companies because when a company's costs for one or more of the cost benchmarks are deemed "out-of-line," managers need to initiate corrective actions in the next decision round.  only have value to the managers of companies whose costs are below the industry averages.
<h3>What do you mean by industry?</h3>
An industry is a group of companies that are related based on their primary business activities.
 In modern economies, there are dozens of industry classifications. Industry classifications are typically grouped into larger categories called sectors.
<h3>What are the 4 types of industry?</h3>
There are four types of industry, namely primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. 
Primary industries involve the activities related to extraction and processing of natural resources, such as agriculture, mining, fishing, etc.
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current account and 2 years after acount are the two major components of a statement that summarizes all debit and credit transactions of one country with the rest of the world.