Answer: Divergent is the correct answer
Explanation: Did a whole test in 6th grade and got it right :3
Answer:
The correct insulin pathway is described as under:
2. Binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of the insulin receptor
8. Activation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
3. Phosphorylation of IRS proteins
6. Phosphorylation of phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)
4. Conversion of PIP2 to PIP3
7. Activation of PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1)
5. Glut4 receptors transported to the cell membrane
Explanation:
The insulin signaling pathway is described as under:
RTK (receptor tyrosine kinases) which is a receptor for insulin is an extracellular receptor but in contrast to other cell surface receptors it is catalytic in nature. In the absence of insulin (ligand), it is monomeric but as soon as it gets activated (activation occurs upon ligand binding), it undergo dimerization. It leads to auto-phosphorylation in it's tyrosine residue which subsequently leads to phosphorylation of tyrosine residue of other receptors. Such hyper-phosphorylated receptor have high affinity with enzyme/molecule like IRS protein which have SH2 domain . IRS down stream activates phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K). This enzyme converts component of animal cell membrane PIP2 into PIP3. PIP3 also remains membrane bound but it has the potential to phosphorylate another enzyme named as PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1). Further, PDK1 leads to the activation of Akt or PK-B. Akt is a serine-threonine kinase which ultimately leads to the recruitment of Glut4 receptors on cell membrane for uptake of more and more glucose into the cell.
Note: Apart from this Akt also phosphorylates another protein named as FOXO which ultimately causes cell growth, Akt can also phosphorylate BAD protein so as to restrict cell apoptosis or we can say it leads to cell survival, Akt also leads to translation in a cell with the help of mTOR raptor etc.
B. Roundworms<span>.
The Protostome organisms are subclustered into three main groups,
moreover nematoda or roundworms belongs to the Ecdysozoa group.</span>
<span>Roundworms are organisms that are diverse and almost in clustered to many other ecosystems and environment.
These
Protostome includes mollusks, annelids, and arthropods
</span>
What??? Do you have any more info on this question?
If your choices are the following, then the correct answer is C:
a. The aerobic bacteria were able to capture the sunlight and generate sugars from it.
b. The aerobic bacteria helped protect the cell against desiccation.
c. The aerobic bacteria metabolized sugars and generated large amounts of ATP.
d. The aerobic bacteria helped protect the cell against predation.
This is actually the endosymbiotic theory of how we humans (and other organisms alike) have evolved to have mitochondria inside our cells. Evidence to support this is that mitochondria have their own DNA different from ours.
<em>A</em> can't be the answer because that is more related to plants. <em>B and C </em>are also wrong because they simply do not provide those functions.
