Answer: c. signal amplification
Explanation:
The uncoupling of the G-protein and inhibiting of the signal amplification are the two affects of the pertusis toxin. It is released by the bacteria called <em>Bordetella pertusis. </em>The G-proteins are affected by the action of pertusis toxin. The production to the excess level of cAMP due to the conversion of ATP into cAMP the ribosylation of the ADP molecules occurs due to pertusis toxin. This leads to the damage of G-proteins.
Answer:
1-The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues that help you breathe. It includes your airways, lungs and blood vessels. The muscles that power your lungs are also part of the respiratory system. These parts work together to move oxygen throughout the body and clean out waste gases like carbon dioxide.
2-The fluid represents the outermost layer of the alveolar surface that is directly exposed to air and thus to the environment. Alveolar fluid prevents desiccation of the epithelial cells and also functions as a physical protection barrier against inhaled particles and irritants.
3-The main function of surfactant is to lower the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung. This is needed to lower the work of breathing and to prevent alveolar collapse at end-expiration.
4-The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic. The bronchioles eventually end in clusters of microscopic air sacs called alveoli.
5- i havent seen the video then how can i answer q5
<span> Both of them are nucleic acids. And that is about the only similarity they share. ;)
One of the major differences between the two is that DNA is double-stranded and RNA is single stranded. Also, DNA contains the nucleotide T whereas RNA contains U.
RNA copies the genetic information found within DNA and uses it to assemble protein, as well as ribosomes. Hence, RNA is a crucial part in protein synthesis, being directly involved in it, whereas DNA is indirectly involved in this process.
There are three types of RNA: mRNA (messenger RNA), rRNA (ribosomal RNA) and tRNA (transfer RNA). As far as DNA is concerned, there is only one type of DNA. ;) Another difference.
Also, in some viruses the RNA replaces the DNA but the DNA will never replace the RNA. Yet another difference. </span>
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, or a gamma ray or electron in the case of internal conversion. A material containing such unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Certain highly excited short-lived nuclear states can decay through neutron emission, or more rarely, proton emission.
Radioactive decay is a stochastic (i.e. random) process at the level of single atoms. According to quantum theory, it is impossible to predict when a particular atom will decay,[1][2][3] regardless of how long the atom has existed. However, for a collection of atoms, the collection's expected decay rate is characterized in terms of their measured decay constants or half-lives. This is the basis of radiometric dating. The half-lives of radioactive atoms have no known upper limit, spanning a time range of over 55 orders of magnitude, from nearly instantaneous to far longer than the age of the universe.
A radioactive nucleus with zero spin can have no defined orientation, and hence emits the total momentum of its decay products isotropically (all directions and without bias). If there are multiple particles produced during a single decay, as in beta decay, their relativeangular distribution, or spin directions may not be isotropic. Decay products from a nucleus with spin may be distributed non-isotropically with respect to that spin direction, either because of an external influence such as an electromagnetic field, or because the nucleus was produced in a dynamic process that constrained the direction of its spin. Such a parent process could be a previous decay, or a nuclear reaction.[4][5][6][note 1]
The decaying nucleus is called the parent radionuclide (or parent radioisotope[note 2]), and the process produces at least one daughter nuclide. Except for gamma decay or internal conversion from a nuclear excited state, the decay is a nuclear transmutation resulting in a daughter containing a different number of protons or neutrons (or both). When the number of protons changes, an atom of a different chemical element is created.
The first decay processes to be discovered were alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay. Alpha decay occurs when the nucleus ejects an alpha particle (helium nucleus). This is the most common process of emitting nucleons, but highly excited nuclei can eject single nucleons, or in the case of cluster decay, specific light nuclei of other elements. Beta decay occurs in two ways: (i) beta-minus decay, when the nucleus emits an electron and an antineutrino in a process that changes a neutron to a proton, or (ii) beta-plus decay, when the nucleus emits a positron and a neutrino in a process that changes a proton to a neutron. Highly excited neutron-rich nuclei, formed as the product of other types of decay, occasionally lose energy by way of neutron emission, resulting in a change from one isotope to another of the same element. The nucleus may capture an orbiting electron, causing a proton to convert into a neutron in a process called electron capture. All of these processes result in a well-defined nuclear transmutation.
