In programming, Composition is a method, which is used to applying multiplicating and additive probability laws to evaluate the probabilities, It is a unique method, that uses math function, it also use to include data field, and other choices are wrong, that can be described as follows:
In option a, It uses an access modifier, that's why it is wrong.
In option b, This process is called inheritance, that's why it is wrong.
In option c, It uses in part of typecasting, that's why it is wrong.
In option e, It is incorrect because it refers to another object.