To stretch or shrink the graph in the y direction, multiply or divide the output by a constant. 2f (x) is stretched in the y direction by a factor of 2, and f (x) is shrunk in the y direction by a factor of 2 (or stretched by a factor of ). Here are the graphs of y = f (x), y = 2f (x), and y = x.
D for drinks
p for pretzel
3d + 3p = 9
3d = 9 -3p
d = 3 - p
replace d = 3 - 9 into 4d + 2p = 8.5
4d + 2p = 8.5
4(3 - p) + 2p = 8.5
12 - 4p + 2p = 8.5
-2p = 8.5 - 12
-2p = -3.5
p = 1.75
answer: <span>the price for one pretzel was $1.75</span>