The correct answer is the first statement about the concern that the Europeans would regain colonies in Latin America. The New World was trying to keep control over it's new found freedom and felt that if the European countries were to gain any more control in the vicinity it would challenge their power.
In general, you can look at the Supreme court checking congress (by overturning unconstitutional laws), congress checks the president (through investigation committees, and eventually potential impeachment) and the president checks the Supreme court (by appointing justices). There are some smaller checks that run counter to this order (like the President can veto congressional bills), but they're much more minor powers. Most of the time, the "checking" of presidential power by the supreme court happens by the court striking down laws passed through congress that the president has thrown a considerable amount of political weight behind (think many of FDR's new deal programs, some of which were struck down by the court. Obamacare also narrowly had some of it's components struck down by the court). The Supreme court can strike down executive orders that are unconstitutional. President Trump's muslim ban, for instance, had some of it's elements stricken down by the court in just the last month.
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It turned into the favor of the united states ..
set up courts
collect taxes
build roads
create banks
make and enforce laws
hold elections
take care of the health and safety of citizens
borrow money
spend money for the people
take private property for government
If anything Christianity affected Judaism, because the Jewish religion was around along time before the Christian religion, therefore Christianity affected Judaism negatively because more people converted to Christianity!
Answer 2
While Answer 1 may be correct in terms of the general direction of conversions, both forced and by choice, in terms of philosophy, literature, and general ideology, Christianity is fundamentally an outgrowth of Judaism. Before Christology developed as a Christian Discipline, the Jewish ideas of the Messiah, Redemption, and the End of Days helped to develop similar doctrines in Christianity. Christianity also carried forward the Jewish concept on Monotheism. Judaism also provided a backdrop for early Christians of the "unredeemed" and "pitiable" allowing them to claim a natural ascendancy and "betterness". This sense of superiority allowed Christian conquerors to knowingly subjugate America without regard for the indigenous cultures that they would displace and/or eradicate. Finally, the Bible used in Christianity is over 75% the same as that used in Judaism.
