Answer:
El Niño is defined as an unusual weather pattern seen in the Pacific Ocean. In this weather unusual winds allows the surface water to get warm from the equator to move east, that is toward Central and South America.
So, El Niño affects wind shear, in which air current present in lower altitude moves to different direction from winds higher in the atmosphere and affects weather patterns. such as El Niño is responsble for more rain in South and Central America and in the United States.
Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
C. At a pH of 8, the enzyme starts to denature and changes shape.
Answer:
9/16 Kinked tail, normal growth
3/16 Kinked tail, obese growth
3/16 normal tail, normal growth
1/16 normal tail, obese growth
Explanation:
Kinked tail (K) is dominant over normal tail (k) and normal growth (N) is dominant over obese growth (n). Two mice that are heterozygous for both traits (KkNn) are crossed:
KkNn x KkNn
offspring:
<em>9/16</em><em> K_N_ - Kinked tail, normal growth</em>
<em>3/16</em><em> K_nn - Kinked tail, obese growth</em>
<em>3/16</em><em> kkN_ - normal tail, normal growth</em>
<em>1/16</em><em> kknn - normal tail, obese growth</em>
(See the attached image for the Punnet's square analysis)
