1. The right answer is Prokaryotes.
In biology and taxonomy, a prokaryotic organism is a prokaryotic cell, a unicellular organism lacking nucleus and organelles whose unique DNA molecule forms a circle or a helix. It is a cellular microorganism in which the chromosomes are not enclosed in a nucleus; for example a bacterium. The exception is ribosomes.
2. The right answer is Lysogenic infection (Virus latency or persistence).
Viral latency is a period in which complete copies of viral genetic information persist in an infected host cell, but there is no continuous production of infectious virus particles.
The genetic material of the virus at this stage is embedded in the genome of the host cell in the form of DNA sequences. During the latency, the whole genome of the virus is in the cell, and its expression is very limited.
it is denoted as the lysogenic part of the life cycle of the virus (like HIV and Herpes).
3. The right answer is Spiral bacteria
Some bacteria are helical. They are Spirillas if the form is invariable and rigid, Spirochaetes if the body is flexible and can change shape. The great diversity of forms is determined by the cell wall and the cytoskeleton. The different forms of bacteria can influence their ability to acquire nutrients, attach to surfaces, swim in a liquid and escape predation.
4. The right answer is Endospore
The endospore (or spore) is a structure that forms within the cytoplasm of certain species of bacteria when the environmental conditions are unfavorable (nutritive stress, desiccation, heat ...).
The spore contains especially nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and proteins. The cytoplasm is dehydrated. The spore is surrounded by a spore wall, a cortex (composed of a specific peptidoglycan and calcium dipicolinate), a double tunic consisting of fibrous proteins. The outermost layer is the exosporium.
