Together, inhalation and exhalation are referred to as breathing. Inhalation is the process of breathing where air moves into the lungs through the nose and the mouth. This causes an increase in the volume of air in the lungs, meaning the pressure will decrease, thus the air then moves to the lungs. Exhalation on the other hand is the flow of the breath out of an organism, for example in humans it is the movement of air from the lungs out of the airways, to the external environment during breathing.
The correct term to fill in the blank would be cortisol. In the context of stress hormones and the brain, cortisol has a profound effect on the hippocampus, a brain structure that plays a pivotal role in memory. Cortisol is classified as a steroid hormone which is produced by the adrenal gland. It is deemed as the stress hormone as it is released as a response to stress as part of the fight or flight process. From studies, cortisol was found to have effect on the hippocampus when present in high levels. It damage and kill the cells in that area of the brain. The hippocampus is the area of the brain that is responsible for the long term memory storage. So, when this part is damage then the storage for our memories would surely be affected.
You can't have a carrier with a dominant pedigree because other wise than individual or organism would be afflicted by the gene and render them incapable of being a carrier. A carrier is an individual/organism that has a normal phenotype (meaning it is not afflicted by said gene) but is carrying the gene that could cause disease or whatever the affect may be. In this case the gene would have to be homozygous recessive to be expressed. Hopefully this helps!
In order for plants to make their own food, they must go through a process called photosynthesis. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of a cell. To begin this process, all items needed must go to the cells of a plant. Water and nutrient are absorbed from the soil through the roots. A tube called the xylem carries only water up the stem to the rest of the plant. Gas exchange in the plants occur in the tiny pores of a leaf called the stomata. This is opened and closed by the guard cells. The food produced by this process is called ATP and it is a macromolecule known as a nucleic acid.
