Under the Rashidun (632-661) and Umayyan (661-750) caliphates, Arab Muslims expanded quickly. The Rashidun was the first caliphate of the four. They were able to construct a colossal empire after quick military victories against followers of different religions.
Significant cultural and religious conversion began to spread specifically during the Umayyan caliphate. The Umayyad's did not push subjects to convert and many subjects remained non-Muslim and paid a tax to remain non-Muslim which helped fund Umayyad political expansion. Many believed the Umayyad's were corrupt which led to their overthrow.
Under Abbasid (750-1258) rule, many non-Arabs and non-Muslims were involved in the government and government administration. The Abbasid's put forth to create a more inclusive government with a diminishing difference between Arab Muslims and Non-Arab Muslims. Persian culture had a great influence on this regime. Under this rule many converted to Islam resulting in the spread of Islam.
After the decline of the Abbasid rule, the Ottoman caliphate (1520-1566) was the largest and longest lasting empires. Under this rule, religion was incorporated into state structure and the Sultan was called "The Protector of Islam". Non-muslim communities were organized under the millet and devshirme systems.
The trainer is using the method of successive approximations. In addition, successive approximation is a sequence of rewards that offer positive reinforcement for behavior variations that are successive steps on the way to the final preferred. The theory was first created and used by Skinner, who is recognized for his theories that contain learning behaviors by means of reinforcement. The theory includes reinforcing behavior that is successively closer and closer to the approximations of the anticipated or directed behavior.
legislative branch makes the laws and executive branch enforces the law
Nerve net, primitive nerve arrangement forming the entire nervous system of many cnidarians and a part of more advanced nervous systems. Cytoplasmic processes join the nerve cells (neurons) of nerve nets. In cnidarians the neurons are joined to epithelial receptors and to contractile cells. In vertebrates, nerve nets may be found around blood vessels and the alimentary tract.
