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Answer:
(A). People may expect earnings to fall in the future, perhaps because the firm will be faced with increased competition.
Explanation:
Price Earnings ratio of a company represents market price per share of a company's stock in relation to it's earnings per share.
Price Earnings ratio(PER) is given by the following formula:
PER = 
A lower P/E Ratio indicates that a company's market price of a share is lower relative to it's earnings. This means the company's stock is undervalued.
It can also mean that the company's earnings have increased which in turn has increased it's earnings per share.
Investors in general expect lower earnings in future for the stock of a company with low P/E Ratio.
Answer:
<u>A) private-sector entrepreneurs can expropriate the profits generated by the efforts of private and public entities.</u>
Explanation:
- As there exist four basic structures of the market economy in the form of perfect competition, imperfect competition, oligopoly, and monopoly.
- Thus without any legal system of trade in the market economy, the profits that are generated by the public and private sectors can be taken away by these entities as a large number of small firms tends to compete in the market against each other with there homogenous products.
- Thus under such circumstances, the market economy would deprive all the profits made by the other forms in the market and put barriers to entry for others. Buyers thus will be deprived of the quality products.
People often have different expectations. If people have rational expectations, the sacrifice ratio could be much smaller than suggested by the short-run Phillips curve is a false a statement.
- The sacrifice ratio is said to be smaller than suggested by former estimates. The short-run phillips curve will ten to shift downward and the economy would reach low inflation very fast.
Rational expectations is known to be an economic theory. It simply states that when making decisions, individual agents will capitalize their decisions on the information that is best and available and they also learn from past trends.
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