Answer:
The right answer is $50,000
Explanation:
Simply put, adjusted basis is the cost of an object after factors that affects the cost has being considered. These factors usually include taxes, depreciation value and any other cost incurred in getting and retaining the said object. Adjusted basis is important so as to know the right amount to sell.
Adjusted basis increases when an individual factors the cost incurred from taxes and maintenance ad it reduces when he/she factors in depreciation.
In the case of Koch, he already exchanged his machine for another at $50,000, as far as he is concerned at that moment, the adjusted basis is $50,000 because it was exchanged in a fair market.
Answer:
Too little money
Explanation:
In the given case, David wanted to have all required resources and he also had complete knowledge of it. However he could not get them properly due to his budget constraints which lead to shut down of his business.
This case clearly depicts the problem of too little money as the risk of failure was not mentioned as such. Also the business David was willing to open was not relate to any chemical or defense industry so there was not much regulatory burden.
Answer:
20 years (scenario A) and 16 years (scenario B)
Explanation:
The real GDP will double in "n" number of years, with "n" estimated by interpolation using the formula below.

In the solutions below, we assumed current GDP to be 1, and as a result, the GDP will double to 2.
Scenario A

When you substitute 20 for "n" in the left hand side (LHS) of the equation, you will arrive at 1.99 which is approximately equal to 2. Any number below 20 will result in a number less than 2.
Thus, with an average annual real GDP growth rate of 3.5%, real GDP will double in about 20 years.
Scenario B

When you substitute 16 for "n" in the left hand side (LHS) of the equation, you will arrive at 2.02 which is approximately equal to 2. Any number below 16 will result in a number less than 2.
Thus, with an average annual real GDP growth rate of 4.5%, real GDP will double in about 16 years.
Answer:
a. The common stockholders.
Explanation:
A company's retained earnings have a financing cost associated with them because retained earnings belong to the common stockholders.
Retained earnings can be defined as the accumulated profits or net income generated by an organization but are not distributed or given as dividends to the stockholders, rather are reinvested in to the business.
Generally, retained earnings are used to pay off debts, used for capital expenditures and working capitals.
Retained earnings represents the total stockholders' equity reinvested back into the company.