Lower- level managers are empowered to make decisions in a decentralized organization, which can increase motivation and job satisfaction.
What is decentralized organisation ?
A company with a decentralized organizational structure is one where mid- and lower-level managers make most of the decisions, rather than the senior management team. Sometimes the employees themselves are even involved in the decision-making process. The opposite of a decentralized organization is a centralized one, where the highest-ranking leaders within the company make all major decisions, and there is a strict decision-making hierarchy. Most companies are not fully decentralized or centralized, having various degrees of both instead.
Some of the main situations where decentralized organization works well include:
- When a company has different points of contact with its customers and each requires highly individualized customer service.
- When an organization has a large number of different store locations and its upper management cannot monitor all of them and make important decisions for them.
- When the market for a specific product is fast-paced and there is intense competition, so all decisions need to be made as quickly as possible.
- Where new developments constantly alter the business model, making centralized control less effective.
Centralized organization :
A centralized organization is an organization that has a consolidated management system with decisions made by the top management then trickling down the chain of command to reach the organization's employees. Centralized organizations are distinguished by specific characteristics, which include;
- The management has a top-down approach where the subordinates follow orders without question.
- The organization has a well-established bureaucracy with a distinct chain of command.
- All the decisions are centrally made, and the opinions of subordinates are hardly considered.
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Solution :
GDP stand for Gross Domestic Product. It is the measure of a national production and income of a country. It is the total produce of any country's products and services in a financial year that will boast its economy.
According to the question, assigning to the category of GDP are :
1. When we buy a car : --- Consumption
2. When a new oven is bought by a bakery : --- investment
3. When we get a haircut done : -- Consumption
4. Town buys a new fire truck : --- Government purchase
5. When we buy a new pair shoe that is made in Thailand : --- Exports or Imports
6. A bridge build by the Federal Government : --- Government purchase
7. A MRI machine bought by a private hospital : --- Investment
8. When we stay in hotel that is in Italy : --- Imports or Exports
Answer:
Nervous system
Explanation:
The comparison was made due to the similarity of functions between information management and the nervous system in our body.
The nervous system in humans' body has the ability send signals to our cells in order to accommodate the things that are needed by our body.
Information management also has similar function within the company. Information management will collect the data from employees and analyze it. The result of the analytic will provide the decision makers with the list of things they need to do in order to achieve their goals. The decision makers then will formulate the plan and spread it to all employees so they can execute it.
Products whose demand rises when another product's price increases are called: Substitute goods
Answer:
Variable cost per unit = $1.5 per unit
Fixed cost = $14,558
Explanation:
Variable cost per unit
= cost at high activity - cost at low activity/High activity -low activity
=$(74,798- $41,663) / (40,160 -18,070) units
= $1.5 per unit
Fixed cost
Total fixed cost = cost at high activity - ( vc per unit × high activity)
= 74,798 - (1.5 × 40,160)
= $14,558
Variable cost per unit = $1.5 per unit
Fixed cost = $14,558