Answer:
(a) An ineffective sample may be found about 42 times in 1000 samples.
(b) Yes, the drug is evidently effective at alpha = 0.05.
(c) A drug that had a p-value of 0.042 is more effective in comparison to a drug that had a p-value of 0.087.
Step-by-step explanation:
We are given that a statistical study reported that a drug was effective with a p-value of 0.042.
Let the Null Hypothesis, : The drug was ineffective.
Alternate Hypothesis, : The drug was effective.
(a) An ineffective sample may be found about 42 times in 1000 samples.
(b) As we know that, if the P-value is less than the level of significance, then we have sufficient evidence to reject our null hypothesis.
SO, here also; the P-value is less than the level of significance as 0.042 < 0.05, so we reject our null hypothesis and conclude that the drug is evidently effective.
(c) The drug that had a p-value of 0.087 would be ineffective as in this case the P-value is more than the level of significance as 0.087 > 0.05, so we do not reject our null hypothesis and conclude that the drug is evidently ineffective.
This means that a drug that had a p-value of 0.042 is more effective in comparison to a drug that had a p-value of 0.087.