Question

What are the FIVE layers in the Internet protocol stack? What are the principal responsibilities of each of these layers?

Answer 1

Answer: The internet protocol (IP) stack consist of the five layers and their functioning which are as follows:-

• Application layer:- this layer is responsible for the type of service that is operating the system.It uses protocols like SMTP(Simple mail transfer protocol, FTP(file transfer protocol) etc.
• Network layer:-this layer is used for the routing and transmission of the data packets through the routes. The exchange of IP packets is done between the server and the client.  
• Transport layer:-It uses the  protocols TCP(Transmission control protocol) and UDP(User datagram protocol)for splitting the message and sending it to the recipient's address.
• Data link layer:-it uses the point-to-point protocol for the sending the message from node to node.It also handles the data while inputting and outputting of the physical network.
• Physical layer:-The working is done in a frame in which the the bits present in one node is transferred to other. It is used for defining the physical parameters like cables, etc.