Closing entries are necessary for temporary accounts only.
A closing entry involves shifting data from temporary accounts on the income statement to permanent accounts on the balance sheet. This closing entry is a journal entry which is made at the end of the accounting period.
The temporary accounts include expenses, revenue, dividends, and so these accounts are to be closed at the end of the accounting year. Thus, the purpose of closing entry is to reset the temporary account balances to zero on the general ledger.
Hence, temporary accounts are used to record accounting activity during a specific period of time.
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Answer:
C) $1,200 capital gain.
Explanation:
David's basis on the land was $24,000
liability assumed by other partners = $30,000 x (1 - 10%) = $27,000
liability assumed by David on the partnership's other liabilities = $18,000 x 10% = $1,800
David's gain = liability assumed by other partners ($27,000) - land basis ($24,000) - additional liability assumed by David ($1,800) = $1,200 gain
When a partner contributes property to a partnership, his/her gain or loss must be determined using the asset's basis, not the fair market value.
Answer:
1. Dividend Payment Requirements:
a. Common stock dividend rates are not fixed, unlike the preferred stock dividends. They are not cumulative like cumulative preferred stock. They are only paid when the directors declare them.
b. Preferred stockholders usually have a fixed rate of dividend. They have preference over common stockholders in dividend payments. Some preferred stockholders enjoy cumulative dividends, unlike common stockholders.
2. Common stockholders expect higher dividends than the preferred stockholders because they bear the residual business risks associated with the company.
Explanation:
Dividend income results when management declares it to be paid to the stockholders. They are usually paid out of earned income. The discretion to declare dividends lies solely with management. On the other hand, stockholders can decide to take advantage of the movements in stock prices at the stock exchange by earning capital gains through selling their shares. This income is not at the discretion of management insofar as the entity is being run profitably.
Flexible budgeting will show a change in the total of what fixed costs, variable costs and what revenues should have been at the actual level of activity.
Flexible budgeting differs from static budgeting in that it includes a leeway in organizational budgets according to production or sales in a given period.
This type of budget is prepared at the end of the accounting period and is used for organizational control purposes, as it allows for unforeseen situations that may occur in the micro or macro environment.
Therefore, flexible budgeting is used as a control instrument that considers costs as variables based on defined estimates.
Its main advantage is its greater flexibility and ability to keep budgets up to date.
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