Answer:
encouraging to post comments
Explanation:
Unlike osmotic pressure, tonicity is influenced only by solutes that cannot cross the membrane, as only these exert an effective osmotic pressure. Solutes able to freely cross the membrane do not affect tonicity because they will always equilibrate with equal concentrations on both sides of the membrane without net solvent movement.
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question 12 part a is hydrogen bonds
and 13 is because helium is a noble gas
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