An ion is a charged particle that is formed when an atom gains electrons or an atom loses electrons.
First you need to know the definition of ion. An ion is a molecule or atom that has a positive or negative electrical charge. That is, an ion is an atom whose electric charge is not neutral. This charged particle can be positive or negative.
Ionization is the chemical or physical process by which ions are produced. In this process, negatively charged ions are produced by gaining electrons and are known as anions. The positively charged are produced by the loss of electrons and are known as cations.
In summary, an ion is a charged particle that is formed when an atom gains electrons or an atom loses electrons, and they are known as cations and anions respectively. The correct answer is both A and B.
<span>A(n) _____ particle is a particle that contains two protons, two neutrons, and has a 2 charge.
</span><span>b. alpha</span>
The half-life of Th-232 is 1.405 × 10¹⁰ years
Time elapsed = 2.8 x 10⁹ years
Equation of radioactive decay:
A = A₀ = (1/2)^ t/t₁/₂
where A₀ is the initial amount, A is the amount after time t, t₁/₂ is the half file
The fraction of thorium-232 that remains in the rock after 2.8 billions years is,
A/A₀ = (1/2) ^ (2.8 x 10⁹/ 1.405 × 10¹⁰) = 0.871
Therefore, the percentage of thorium-232 in the rock that was dated at 2.8 billions year = 87.1%