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sesenic [268]
3 years ago
11

What is the structures of carbohydrates?

Biology
1 answer:
inessss [21]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Answered below

Explanation:

Carbohydrates are biomolecules that contain hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. They are generally structured as a chain of carbons with hydroxyl groups, and ketones or aldehydes. The subtypes include;

Monosaccharides

Disaccharides

Polysaccharides

Monosaccharides are generally represented by the formula CH2On. They are classified based on the number of carbon atoms they have. Example, hexoses have 6 carbon atoms, pentose, 5, diose, 2 etc. They are also classified based on whether they have ketones or aldehydes. Examples of monosaccharides are glucose and fructose.

Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides form glycosidic bond through a dehydration reaction. Examples of disaccharides include; maltose, lactose, and sucrose which is made up of glucose and fructose. An oligosaccharide is made up of 2-10 monosaccharides and are often components of glycoproteins or glycolipids.

Polysaccharides, also called complex carbohydrates are long-chain carbohydrates made of repeated monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Examples are starches and glycogen.

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Any process that involves active transport most often involves the​ expenditure of energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis.

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Active transport in cells is a form of transport which involves the transport of solute molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient using energy provided from some chemical reaction occuring in the cell.

Active transport is an endergonic (energy-requiring) process and therefore, must proceed only when coupled to an exergonic (energy-releasing) process such as the breakdown of ATP, an oxidation reaction, absorption of sunlight, etc.

In many instances in cell, such as the Na/K pump, ATP hydrolysis is the the common exergonic reaction to which active transport is coupled to.

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This component is very important for any reaction to take place. It bonds to the enzymes and helps in product formation.

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