In a biological reaction, succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited b
y malonic acid, a substance that resembles succinate but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Increasing the amount of succinate molecules to those of malonic acid reduces the inhibitory effect if malonic acid. Select the correct identification of the molecules described in the reaction. A. Succinate dehydrogenase is the enzyme, and fumarate is the substrate in the reaction.
B. Fumarate is the product, and malonic acid is a noncompetitive inhibitor in the reaction.
C. Succinate dehydrogenase is the enzyme, and malonic acid is the substrate in the reaction.
D. Succinate is the substrate, and fumarate is the product in the reaction.
During citric acid cycle, Acetyl Coenzyme A is completely oxidized in form of CO2 and produce NADH, FADH2 and GTP (ATP)
Succinate is converted to fumarate with the help of succinate dehydrogenase and FADH2 is produced during this step
In the given conditions, if the amount of succinate is increased in comparison to malonic acid then it reduces the effect of malonic acid, therefore malonic acid will not be able to inhibit the conversion of succinate to fumarate and hence succinate will be the substrate and fumarate, the product in the reaction
<span>Speciation is the formation of new species as a result of evolution these three stages are (separation, adaptation, and reproductive isolation.)</span>
Flooding and intrusion of salt water in the low lying areas can adversely affect human life. This can happen in the following ways:
Flooding can cause many people to die due to drowning in the flood water.
Many people lose their habitat and all their belongings due to the entry of water into the settlements having only the ground floors. These people need to rehabilitated to safer regions.
The saline water percolates through the ground and mixes with the fresh water present in the water table, thereby making them saline and non-consumable.
People have to face the dearth of food, drinking water, clothes and electricity until rescue operations are sent.
Increased chance of transmission of water-communicable or water-borne diseases like diarrhoea.
