In an experiment, you measure the concentration of a polar molecule inside and outside a cell. You find that the concentration i
s high and gradually increasing inside the cell. You also measure the ATP concentration inside the cell and find that it is dropping. What is your best hypothesis for the process you are observing? a) facilitated diffusion
b) passive transport
c) simple diffusion
d) active transport
e) endocytosis
Because the ATP concentration inside the cell is dropping, we know that the cell is using energy to transport the polar molecule into the cell. This eliminates a), b) and c) because they all don't require energy, and we know that polar substances have trouble diffusing across membranes because the tails of the phospholipids making up the membrane are hydrophobic and non-polar. We also know that the polar substance concentration is increasing in the cell. Honestly, both d) and e) would work because both require ATP; however, endocytosis is more specific as a hypothesis. Thus, e). :)
If a mutation results in an organism with new characteristics then eventually a new species will be formed if more such mutations will continue to accumulate in the individual. Mutations result into the accumulation of variations in an individual and when such variations keep on accumulating in a particular organism consistently it leads to formation of a new species or we can say that evolution has occured.
