Answer:
The BRCA gene is a tumor-suppressor gene found in the breast; to be more specific, it produces proteins that suppress cancerous activities/abnormal growth in the body. A mutation in a BRCA gene would allow these abnormal growth activities to go unchecked and thus increase the rate of mitosis. Cell cycle checkpoints would significantly be worse at their jobs of checking and correcting for errors during the cell cycle. Tumors would result as well, as cancerous growth continues, and the tumor can become metastatic.
Answer: Sugar metabolism
, DNA replication and lipid synthesis.
Explanation:
The pathways or the phenomenon is very fundamental that takes place in all the living organisms.
These processes are fundamental to life and is vital for the growth and development of the organism. The cell proliferation and growth is also very essential in case of bacteria.
hence, these processes are highly conserved from one species to another species.
Answer:
D)radioactive waste is produced
Explanation:
Radioactive waste is a dangerous waste material which contains radioactive substances that are bad for health. These waste are produced in the nuclear reactor for the production of electric energy. Radioactive substances cause many diseases in human such as burning of skin and cancer. It is a non-biodegradable substance which remains in the soil for long periods of time and emit alpha, beta and gamma radiations.
Answer: C). prolong the effect of epinephrine by maintaining elevated cAMP levels in the cytoplasm
Explanation: In the epinephrine pathway, binding of epinephrine to its receptor triggers a conformational change in the receptor and the interaction of the receptor with its associated Gs protein. This interaction causes the replacement of GDP bound to Gs protein with GTP thus activating the Gs protein. The activation of the Gs protein causes the alpha subunit of the Gs protein to dissociate and move to adenylyl cyclase, another membrane protein in the pathway. The association of the alpha subunit of the Gs protein with adenylyl cyclase activates adenylyl cyclase which in turn catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) a second messenger. cAMP is quickly degraded to 5'-AMP by an enzyme phosphodiesterase. Inhibition of the activity of phosphodiesterase will increase the half life and the cytoplasmic level of cAMP thus potentiating the action of epinephrine.