I would say:
The past passed very quickly.
Writers and speakers use counter claims so that they can counter something if it shows up. If there is an opinion that someone says, that could be counted a claim as long as they use evidence. Then if you disagree, you can use a counterclaim to tell them that you have a different opinion that is backed up by an opinion.
Kashmir is the main reason. (Now Bangladesh)
in this excerpt the candle symbolizes Ivan Illyich's approaching death.
Ivan
is thinking about his death and what will happen to him afterwards.
This is reflected in the candle falling to the floor. Because once there
was light from the candle, and since it falls that light is no more.
The burning out of the candle symbolizes death
