At the time period, the founding fathers of the United States were heavily influenced by the philosophies of Montesquieu and John Locke. Montesquieu proposed a system of checks and balances by which one aspect of government would not and frankly, could not, possess too much power. The founding fathers accepted this idea thoroughly, as is evidenced by our current governmental system and the three branches. The Executive, Judicial, and Legislative branches are all designed so that one branch will never exceed the other branches, Montesquieu influenced Benjamin Franklin in particular as he traveled to France frequently. Moreover, John Locke proposed the social contract. Essentially, the social contract states that a government must secure the rights of its citizens. In the event that it fails to do so, the citizens then have the right to rebel and overthrow such a government. The natural rights which he spoke of referred to a citizens right to life, liberty, and property. The founding fathers took his philosophy to heart, especially Thomas Jefferson. He made a slight variation though on Locke's natural rights, writing instead that citizens have the right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."
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At independence, African countries had to decide what type of state to put in place, and between 1950 and the mid-1980s, thirty-five of Africa's countries adopted socialism at some point. The leaders of these countries believed socialism offered their best chance to overcome the many obstacles these new states faced at independence. Initially, African leaders created new, hybrid versions of socialism, known as African socialism, but by the 1970s, several states turned to the more orthodox notion of socialism, known as scientific socialism. What was the appeal of socialism in Africa, and what made African socialism different from scientific socialism?
The importation of salt was most important to the Egyptians. <span />
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Hands off policy would be described as the policy that means not intervening in matters.
If a president has announced an off hands policy in some matter, that means he has declared that he will not intervene in that matter under any circumstance. He would have nothing to do with it and nobody shall try to have him indulged in that matter.
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The civil service system is much better than the alternative, which was Patronage. as implemented by the Hoover Commission. Civil service sets employment competence standards for hiring and makes working a permanent career, not just until the next election. it was so outstandingly successful, that virtually every state and community government follows it to large extent.
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