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aleksandr82 [10.1K]

3 years ago

5

The Statistical Bulletin published by Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. reported that 2% of all American births result in twins. I

f a random sample of 8000 births is taken, find the mean, variance, and standard deviation of the number of births that would be result in twins

1 answer:

nikdorinn [45]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

mean = 160

Variance = 156.8

Standard deviation = 12.52

Step-by-step explanation:

This is solved by the binomial distribution model for approximation.

n = number of random sample in which for this question, n= 8000

p = probability of success = 2% = 0.02

Mean of the sample = Expected value which approximates the average number of cases to expect from the larger sample chosen.

Mean = np = 0.02 × 8000 = 160

Variance = np(1-p) = 160(1-0.02) = 156.8

Standard deviation = √variance = √156.8 =12.52

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Step-by-step explanation:

These homogeneous recurrence relations of degree 2 have one of two solutions. Problems a, b, c, e, g have one solution; problems d and f have a slightly different solution. The solution method is similar, up to a point.

If there is a solution of the form $a[n]=r^n$ , then it will satisfy ...

$r^n=c_1\cdot r^{n-1}+c_2\cdot r^{n-2}$

Rearranging and dividing by $r^{n-2}$ , we get the quadratic ...

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$r=\dfrac{c_1\pm\sqrt{c_1^2+4c_2}}{2}$

We can call these values of r by the names r₁ and r₂.

Then, for some coefficients p and q, the solution to the recurrence relation is ...

$a[n]=pr_1^n+qr_2^n$

We can find p and q by solving the initial condition equations:

$\left[\begin{array}{cc}1&1\\r_1&r_2\end{array}\right] \left[\begin{array}{c}p\\q\end{array}\right] =\left[\begin{array}{c}a[0]\\a[1]\end{array}\right]$

These have the solution ...

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_____

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__

The rest of (b), (c), (e), (g) are solved in exactly the same way. A spreadsheet or graphing calculator can ease the process of finding the roots and coefficients for the given recurrence constants. (It's a matter of plugging in the numbers and doing the arithmetic.)

_____

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$\left[\begin{array}{cc}1&0\\r&r\end{array}\right] \left[\begin{array}{c}p\\q\end{array}\right] =\left[\begin{array}{c}a[0]\\a[1]\end{array}\right]$

and the solutions for p and q are ...

$p=a[0]\\\\q=\dfrac{a[1]-a[0]r}{r}$

__

Using these formulas on problem (d), we get ...

d)

$c_1=2,\ c_2=-1,\ a[0]=4,\ a[1]=1\\\\r=\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2^2+4(-1)}}{2}=1\\\\p=4,\ q=\dfrac{1-4(1)}{1}=-3\\\\a[n]=4-3n$

__

And for problem (f), we get ...

f)

$c_1=-6,\ c_2=-9,\ a[0]=3,\ a[1]=-3\\\\r=\dfrac{-6+\sqrt{6^2+4(-9)}}{2}=-3\\\\p=3,\ q=\dfrac{-3-3(-3)}{-3}=-2\\\\a[n]=(3-2n)(-3)^n$

_____

<em>Comment on problem g</em>

Yes, the bases of the exponential terms are conjugate irrational numbers. When the terms are evaluated, they do resolve to rational numbers.

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2 years ago