Step-by-step explanation:
(a) If his second pass is the first that he completes, that means he doesn't complete his first pass.
P = P(not first) × P(second)
P = (1 − 0.694) (0.694)
P ≈ 0.212
(b) This time we're looking for the probability that he doesn't complete the first but does complete the second, or completes the first and not the second.
P = P(not first) × P(second) + P(first) × P(not second)
P = (1 − 0.694) (0.694) + (0.694) (1 − 0.694)
P ≈ 0.425
(c) Finally, we want the probability he doesn't complete either pass.
P = P(not first) × P(not second)
P = (1 − 0.694) (1 − 0.694)
P ≈ 0.094