Answer:
The correct answer is letter "E": Normative.
Explanation:
Normative Economics incorporates <em>subjectivity </em>and <em>value judgments</em> focusing on what "<em>should be</em>". It is usually implemented at the governmental level. Normative Economics leaves the door open for future changes, eliminates absolute statements and provides an avenue for analysis of different economic scenarios.
Explanation:
It all depends on the market conventions and the bond documentation.
1 In most countries, traditionally fixed coupon bonds don’t have their coupons day counted. So if the frequency is twice a year, and the annual coupon rate is 5.5%, then each semi-annual coupon is exactly 5.5/2=2.75%. However a lot of other instruments, e.g. fixed swap legs, loans, and bonds that are really “loan participation notes”, etc. usually have their fixed coupons day counted. So each coupon amount will vary a little depending on the number of days in the accrual period, weekends and holidays.
Answer:
B) change in average total costs divided by the change in output.
Explanation:
Marginal cost is the extra cost incurred for the production of an additional unit of output after breakeven. At the breakeven point, fixed costs have been absorbed. Any additional production will incur variable costs . Marginal costs will, therefore, comprise direct labor, direct material, and a small proportion of fixed costs, such as administration and selling costs.
The calculate marginal cost, divide the total change in costs by the change in the product output. i.e.
Marginal costs = change in cost / change in output.
Marginal cost is compared with marginal revenue when deciding whether to increase production or not.
