Hello. This question is incomplete. The full question is:
"You determine that you have only 3 copies left of an important DNA fragment, so you decide to amplify it. Using flanking primers, how many PCR cycles would you have to run to generate over one billion (10^9) copies of the fragment?
"
Answer:
Approximately 29 cycles of PCR would be required.
Explanation:
As you may already know, PCR is a technique used in molecular biology that allows part of a DNA molecule to be recycled into millions of copies.
PCR allows this replication to be done through cycles. Each PCR cycle lasts about 2 minutes and allows the DNA molecule to undergo the separation of the strands, the binding of the primers and the synthesis of new DNA strands through DNA polymerase. This cycle is usually repeated 32 times, but this number may change depending on the number of copies the researcher thinks is necessary.
In this case, if a researcher wants 10 ^ 9 copies of DNA, he must do the following calculation to find the number of PCR cycles needed:
32 ^ x = 10 ^ 9
x = 28.3 = approximately 29 cycles.
Answer:
Hope it helps u
Explanation:
They do not get infected with tetanus because they have already been vaccinated which means there are white blood cells and antibodies ready to fight tetanus.
Their immune system is safe because the antibodies won’t let them feel sick.
Answer
A. centrioles
higher plant cells do not have centrioles in cell division.
Author's use of details convey to Eleanor Rossevelt life and legacy are described below.
Explanation:
1.She advocated for expanded roles for women in the workplace, the civil rights of African Americans and Asian Americans, and the rights of World War II refugees. Following her husband's death in 1945, Roosevelt remained active in politics for the remaining 17 years of her life.
2.The fireside chats were a series of evening radio addresses given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (known colloquially as "FDR") between 1933 and 1944.
3..President Theodore Roosevelt, an Oyster Bay Roosevelt, was the uncle of Eleanor Roosevelt later wife of Franklin Roosevelt. Despite political differences that caused family members to actively campaign against each other, the two branches generally remained friendly.
4.Champions of Human Rights. Eleanor Roosevelt (1884–1962)
- Continuing her work on behalf of all people, she advocated equal rights for women, African-Americans and Depression-era workers, bringing inspiration and attention to their causes.
Answer:
Mutations rarely occur
Explanation:
Mutations are genetic changes, i.e., alterations in the DNA sequence. Generally, mutations have deleterious effects, but there are exceptions where mutations may confer an adaptive advantage in a given environment. Mutations are often deleterious, and thereby these genetic changes are rare events. In consequence, mutation rates, i.e., the frequency by which new mutations arise in an organism over time, are generally very low. Finally, mutations that arise only in germ cells can be inherited from a generation to the next generation, while somatic mutations cannot be inherited.
