50. because its 140 in 1991 and about 90 in 1992.
Bacteria transcription is a process by which bacteria DNA is transcribed to produce messenger RNA which is then translated to form proteins. Unlike in Eukaryotes,in bacteria the transcription and translation can occur simultaneously. A bacteria transcription complex contains 8 base pairs of RNA-DNA hybrid.
Answer:
Explanation:
An antimicrobial agent is a natural or synthetic chemical that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. Bacteria have a mechanism of transferring genomic material called <em>horizontal gene transfer</em><em>, the movement of genes between cells that are not direct descendants of one another</em>. Horizontal gene transfer allows cells to quickly acquire new characteristics and drives metabolic diversity. <u>One of the characteristics usually acquired is the resistance to antibiotics</u>.
Three mechanisms of genetic exchange are known in prokaryotes:
(1) transformation, in which free DNA released from one cell is taken up by another; (2) transduction, in which DNA transfer is mediated by a virus; and (3) conjugation, in which DNA transfer requires cell-to-cell contact and a conjugative plasmid in the donor cell.
Examples of genes transferred by transducing bacteriophages include multiple antibiotic resistance genes among strains of <em>Salmonella enterica </em>serovar <em>Typhimurium</em>, Shiga-like toxin genes in <em>Escherichia coli</em>, virulence factors in <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>, and genes encoding photosynthetic proteins in cyanobacteria.
Conjugative plasmids use a mechanism to transfer copies of themselves and the genes they encode, such as those for antibiotic resistance, to new host cells.
0 minutes. In order to prepare for an incident, an emergency response guidebook needs to be studied and used before an incident occurs. During a critical incident there is no time to be constantly consulting a guide, but rather should be inherent knowledge that is practiced and reviewed frequently. This may include engaging in discussions, on-going in the job training and role-plays with peer or colleagues. The ERG is a resource to learn from and refer to, but not in times of a critical incident.
Convection currents move the plates. As the currents under the surface circulate and flow, the plates on top are pressed together, pushed underneath, or on top of. Please name my answer the brainleist.