Your answer would be, That, the NAACP, argue in Brown v. Board of Education case, that the "Separate but Equal" violated the 14th. Amendment Clause, States that, the freedom and privileges of US. citizens must be equally protected. The Supreme Court declared the doctrine of "Separate but Equal" unconstitutional on the grounds it provide inferior education. This initiated the process to dismantle segregation in the schools. People question the ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson, but could not change the past. Thurgood Marshall was the lead lawyer in the case.
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Im pretty sure Christianity
The philosopher that believed that sense perceptions and observations re essential for knowledge is :
Socrates
By having own perceptions and observations , a person could create a better understanding about the knowledge and formed some sort of method for themselves
hope this helps