Question

A cell begins to produce a new type of protein.

Answer 1

Answer:

(2) sequence of bases in a section of a chromosome

Explanation:

DNA is the part of chromosome which is responsible for the synthesis of proteins. DNA has sequence of bases and it acts as a template for the synthesis of an RNA molecule through the process of transcription. An RNA (mRNA) too has sequences of bases named as codons (triplet of nucleotides) which are responsible for the incorporation of specific amino acids corresponding to only those codons to form a protein molecule. The process of protein synthesis is known as translation.

Hence, a DNA decides which kind of protein will be synthesized in the body. So if the sequence of bases in a section of a chromosome or DNA is altered then the protein composition will not remain the as earlier and a new type of protein will be synthesized.

Answer 2

The answer is 2. An alteration in the DNA would cause an alteration in the mRNA which is what ribosomes use aa information to produce proteins. So if the message is changed, the product will therefore change