Answer:
Allopatric speciation
Explanation:
Speciation is the gradual process by which two different species are formed from a single species due to evolution.
Allopatric speciation will occur when the speciation is due to geographical isolation of a species to the extend it prevents or interferes with the gene flow. Therefore, the populations can not mate with each other and they evolve separately.
This is what happened to the fox species when they were separated by a mountain range.
Regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and digestive functions are carried out by the <u>autonomic nervous system</u>
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What is autonomic nervous system?
The peripheral nervous system's autonomic nervous system (ANS), originally known as the vegetative nervous system (VNS), provides smooth muscle and glands, which in turn affects how internal organs work. The autonomic nervous system is a control system that regulates body processes like the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, and urination mainly subconsciously. The fundamental mechanism in charge of the fight-or-flight response is this system.
Through the brainstem, the spinal cord, and the organs, integrated reflexes control the autonomic nervous system. Control of respiration, cardiac regulation (the cardiac control center), vasomotor activity (the vasomotor center), and other reflex acts including coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and vomiting are all examples of autonomic functions.
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Answer:
The true statements regarding the adrenal glands' relationship with the autonomic nervous system are:
a. The adrenal cortex is an extension of the parasympathetic nervous system.
c. The adrenal glands are strictly nerve tissue.
d. The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids.
e. The adrenal medulla is penetrated by the fibers of the sympathetic nervous system.
Explanation:
The levels of the central nervous system which play important roles in influencing the autonomic nervous system include cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, brain stem, and spinal cord. Usually, epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine are released into the blood stem when stress or a threat occurs. This alert serves as a warning signal and defense system. The purpose is to maintain homeostasis.
This is an example of negative feedback.
After a big meal, glucose levels in the bloodstream increases. The body recognises this change and goes through homeostasis, or the regulation of bodily state or internal environment.
The pancreas secretes insulin, which then binds to insulin receptors. This will result in the uptake of excess glucose from the bloodstream into cells and converted into glycogen to be stored in cells as energy storage molecules.
Since there is the counter effect of body (i.e. when blood-glucose concentration increases, the body sends a signal to decrease the blood-glucose concentration, this is called a negative feedback (instead of a positive feedback, which occurs if for e.g. the body signals cells to increase blood-glucose concentration even after blood-glucose concentration increased after a heavy meal).
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