Answer:
Phospholipids serve as a major structural component of most biological membranes, e.g. cell membrane. The phospholipids are vital to the function of the cell membrane. Being amphipathic, their presence creates an effective barrier preventing the entry of all
Since the images are not available, I can only give the hints to correctly classify the items as a fruit and a vegetable.
a. If it is a fruit, then it will have seeds inside it. Example, the seeds in a citrus lime or a lemon, a watermelon.
b. If it is a vegetable, then it will be any edible part of the plant, like the leaves, stem, roots, or the flower, but not the fruit. Examples are spinach, potato, cauliflower, cabbage, etc.
When you cut up the carrot you increase the surface area of the carrot substantially. This increased surface area reacts with the atmosphere and makes the carrot (collectively the pieces) more exposed to bacteria and as a result the cut up carrots will go bad before the carrots as a whole.
B. ATP synthase. The purpose of the hydrogen gradient is to take advantage of molecules' tendency to move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. ATP synthase lets hydrogen ions flow through it to the matrix, and the energy from this flow is used by ATP synthase to synthesize ATP.
