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Gelneren [198K]
3 years ago
5

If a firm plans to issue new stock, flotation costs (investment bankers' fees) should not be ignored. There are two approaches t

o use to account for flotation costs. The first approach is to add the sum of flotation costs for the debt, preferred, and common stock and add them to the initial investment cost. Because the investment cost is increased, the project's expected return is reduced so it may not meet the firm's hurdle rate for acceptance of the project. The second approach involves adjusting the cost of common equity as follows:
.The difference between the flotation-adjusted cost of equity and the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment represents the flotation cost adjustment.

Quantitative Problem: Barton Industries expects next year's annual dividend, D1, to be $2.30 and it expects dividends to grow at a constant rate g = 4%. The firm's current common stock price, P0, is $21.30. If it needs to issue new common stock, the firm will encounter a 4% flotation cost, F. Assume that the cost of equity calculated without the flotation adjustment is 12% and the cost of old common equity is 11.5%. What is the flotation cost adjustment that must be added to its cost of retained earnings? Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.
%

What is the cost of new common equity considering the estimate made from the three estimation methodologies? Round your answer to 2 decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Business
1 answer:
AysviL [449]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Floating cost adjustment is 3.25%

Explanation:

Flotation-adjusted cost of equity = (Expected dividend at the end of Year 1 / Net proceeds per share) + Growth rate.

Expected dividend at the end of Year 1 (D1) = $ 2.30 (given in question)

Net proceeds per share = (21.30 - 4 % of 21.30) = $ 20.448

Flotation-adjusted cost of equity = (2.30 / 20.448) + 0.04

= 0.1125 + 0.04

= 0.1525 i.e., 15.25 %.

Flotation cost adjustment = Flotation-adjusted cost of equity - Cost of equity without flotation adjustment.

= 15.25 % - 12 % (given in question)

= 3.25 %.

Conclusion:- Flotation cost adjustment = 3.25 %

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Answer: contingency approach to leadership

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Autocratic leadership style refers to the situation when the leader of the team exercise individual control over the operations, this style is usually used when the members of the team are not experienced enough but in this case the members of the team are quite experienced, therefore we can conclude that Ayan is not contingent  in his leadership.

8 0
3 years ago
Return on sales for south drive is lower in year 2 than year 1 what expense is causing this lower?
sergey [27]

The correct answer is d: Interest Expense. The expense that is causing lower profitability is the Interest Expense.

The fee incurred by a business for borrowed cash is known as an interest expense. On the income statement, it is listed as a non-operating expense. It stands for the interest due on all borrowings, including bonds, loans, convertible debt, and credit lines. In essence, it is determined by multiplying the interest rate by the debt's outstanding principal. Instead of the amount of interest paid over the reporting period, interest expense on the income statement shows interest accrued during that time. While interest costs are tax deductible for businesses, they may not be in the case of an individual, depending on their jurisdiction and the purpose of the loan.

Since there are typically lags between interest accruing and interest paid, interest expense frequently appears as a line item on a company's balance sheet.

Comparative income statements for South Drive Company for Year 2 and Year 1 are given below.

................................................Year 2.......................... Year 1

Sales ....................................900,000 .......................500,000

Cost of goods sold ..........(432,000) ......................(240,000)

Gross profit on sales ........468,000 ........................260,000

Wage expense ..................(54,000) .......................(30,000)

Rent expense ....................(90,000) .......................(50,000)

Operating income .............324,000 ........................180,000

Interest expense............... (80,000)........................ (30,000)

Net income........................ 244,000 ..........................150,000

Return on sales for South Drive is lower in Year 2 than in Year 1. What expense is causing this lower profitability?

a. Cost of Goods Sold

b. Wage Expense

c. Rent Expense

d. Interest Expense

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6 0
2 years ago
Which of the following projects is most likely be used in STEM education to learn technology concepts?
ivanzaharov [21]

Answer:

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<u>Explanation:</u>

Remember, the application of STEM implies using the knowledge found in the field of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics to carry out projects.

Since <u>the focus is on learning technology concepts</u>, the most likely, that is, the <em>project that is closest to technology </em>is investigating search engine criteria to improve search results.

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murzikaleks [220]

Answer:

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Insurance plans exist beneficial to anyone examining to protect their family, assets/property, and themselves from financial risk/losses: Insurance plans will permit you to expend for medical emergencies, hospitalization, contraction of any illnesses and treatment, and medical care needed in the future.

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