Answer:
Economies of scale
Explanation:
Economies of scale refers to reducing total costs per unit by increasing total output. All companies have certain fixed costs, some companies have higher fixed costs than others, but they always exist. When you are producing something, the cost equation is production costs = variable costs per unit + average fixed costs per unit.
Variable costs vary directly with output, while fixed costs do not, e.g. salaries can be fixed, depreciation, rent, interests, etc. The higher the output, the lower the average fixed cost per unit.
Also, sometimes variable costs can also decrease as total output increases. E.g. you can get higher discounts for purchasing larger quantities of materials and supplies.
Answer:
C. $3,454 million
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what the Projected cost of goods sold for 2018 will be:
2018 Projected cost of goods sold = [(8,180*1.03)*(3,272/8,180)+1%)]
2018 Projected cost of goods sold = (8,425 * (0.40+1%)
2018 Projected cost of goods sold= 3,454 million
Therefore Projected cost of goods sold for 2018 will be: $3,454 million
