<u>Potential energy</u> is the chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of atoms and molecules.
<h3>What is potential energy?</h3>
Potential energy is the energy stored in the bonds (structural arrangement) of chemical compounds, such as atoms and molecules.
<h3>Characteristics of potential energy</h3>
- The potential energy that a molecule may have is due to the forces of attraction and repulsion with other molecules in its environment.
- An example is glucose, which stores chemical potential energy that the body, through metabolism, transforms into heat energy to maintain body temperature.
Therefore, we can conclude that potential energy is stored in the chemical bonds of molecules.
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Answer:
The correct answer is: None of the above. The accurate answer is: Problem or inability in detecting the sensory information.
Explanation:
- Sensory receptor cells form the part of the sensory epithelial layer that are present in the form of a lining in all sensory organs.
- These sensory cells possess some specialised receptor molecules, usually on the surface of the cells, that can sense different types of sensory signals like light, in case of eyes, smell is case of nose, taste in case of tongue and sound in case of ears.
- Any damage caused to these cells will adversely affect their capability to perceive or receive or detect the sensory signals.
- Option I is incorrect because sensory cells are not only present in the eyes and ears but also in nose, tongue, skin. The activity of the sensory cells of one organ is independent of the activity of sensory cells of other organs hence, damage to the sensory cells of one organ will not create any confusion in different sensory inputs.
- Option II is incorrect because integration of all the sensory impulses occur in the brain after the impulse has been received and detected by multiple sensory receptor cells and send to the brain through the sensory neurons.
Answer:
The plates slide out of gaps that sometimes create mountains, and they can become volcanoes.
Explanation:
gas exchange occurs in the human lungs.
Portal blood vessels connect two capillary beds found in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
So, the correct option is C.
<h3>Hypothalamus-Pituitary Complex:</h3>
- The "command center" of the endocrine system is assumed to be the hypothalamus-pituitary complex.
- In addition to hormones that directly affect target tissues, this complex also secretes hormones that control the production and release of hormones from other glands.
- Furthermore, the hypothalamus-pituitary complex controls the communications between the nervous and endocrine systems.
- The hypothalamus-pituitary complex is frequently necessary for the translation of a stimulus into hormones that can start a reaction after it is received by the neurological system.
- Additionally, the pituitary gland (also known as the hypophysis), a bean-shaped organ hung from the hypothalamus by a stem called the infundibulum (or pituitary stalk), is physically and functionally connected to the hypothalamus.
- The sella turcica of the sphenoid bone of the skull serves as a cradle for the pituitary gland.
- It has two lobes, the posterior pituitary (also known as the neurohypophysis), which is made of neural tissue, and the anterior pituitary (also known as the adenohypophysis), which is made of glandular tissue.
<h3>Anterior Pituitary:</h3>
- The embryonic anterior pituitary develops from the gastrointestinal tract and moves toward the brain as the fetus grows.
- The pars tuberalis is a thin "tube" that wraps around the infundibulum, the pars distalis is the most anterior, and the pars intermedia is next to the posterior pituitary.
- Neurons secrete hormones from the hypothalamus, but blood arteries transport them to the anterior pituitary.
- There is a capillary bridge that links the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus inside the infundibulum.
- The hypophyseal portal system is the network that enables the delivery of hypothalamic hormones directly to the anterior pituitary without first passing via the systemic circulation.
- The superior hypophyseal artery, a branch of the carotid arteries that carries blood to the hypothalamus, serves as the system's initial point.
- The hypophyseal portal system is made up of the superior hypophyseal artery's branches.
- The portal veins deliver hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones into the anterior pituitary via a main capillary plexus.
- Anterior pituitary hormones enter a secondary capillary plexus in reaction to hormones being released, and from there, drain into the blood circulation.
- In the anterior pituitary, seven hormones are produced.
- Separate hormones produced by the hypothalamus either promote or suppress the anterior pituitary's capacity to produce hormones.
- The hypophyseal portal system is the route by which hormones from the hypothalamus get to the anterior pituitary.
- Seven hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary.
- Beta endorphin,
- prolactin,
- thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),
- growth hormone (GH),
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and
- luteinizing hormone (LH).
- Because they regulate the activity of other endocrine glands, the anterior pituitary hormones TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH are together known as tropic hormones.
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