In a family with two brothers, one brother's thumbs are straight while the

Write a paragraph on testing probability

VashaNatasha [74]

Explanation:

Probabilities are described as ratios of favorable event outcome to the total number of event outcomes.

This is written as...

$P (E) =\frac{n(E)}{n(S)} \\$

where...

E= the number of times the event occurs

S= the number of trials

In biology experiments, hypotheses are formed based on research questions, and tested with the use of variables to provide a particular outcome. Statistics allows for testing data for consistency with the hypothesis, while statistical probability testing can be used in experiments to determine a range of outcomes, from genetic inheritance, evolutionary rates to theoretical experimental results.

In these statistical models, probability distributions are functions that give probabilities for certain event outcomes within an experiment (a set of trials). These may be either continuous, taking a value within a range of two numbers; or discrete, which may be either of two specified values. Discrete probability distributions list each value that a random variable may possibly take on.

Further Explanation:

For example, two types of probability distributions are employed in experimental biology:

Binomial distributions, which are discrete distributions, provide probability of a certain number of successful events for x a random variable, in a specific number of trials, n; here, the probability of success of an individual trial is constant at P and only one of two outcomes are possible- this is sampling with replacement.

where...

b(x; n, P)-the probability that an experiment of n trials results in x successes

nCx- the number of combinations of n things at r time

$b(x; n, P) = [ nCx ]* P^{x} * (1-P)^{n-x}\\$

<em>This is often used in determining potential outcomes before data collection.</em>

A type of continuous distribution, the student's t-test, compares standard deviations and means from two sets of samples or groups to check for significant differences between them.

$t= \frac{(x_{1} - x_{2}) }{\sqrt{(\frac{(S_{1}) ^{2} }{n1} }+ (\frac{(S_{2}) ^{2} }{n2 }}$

where...

x1 and s1 are the mean and standard deviation of sample 1 respectively
x2 and s2 are the mean and standard deviation of sample 1 respectively
n1 and n2 are sample sizes in samples 1 and 2 respectively

The null and alternate hypotheses typically theorize the likelihood and significance of certain event outcome probabilities. Critical values of t, along with degrees of freedom are used to determine a range of probable outcomes; probability or p- values along with this range, are used to determine whether either hypothesis is rejected or accepted.

<em>For instance, significant differences between an experimental control and a specific treatment group would show that these occurrences are not due to sampling errors or random chance...</em>

Learn more about calculating probability at brainly.com/question/4021035

Learn more about calculating event probability at brainly.com/question/6649771

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5 0

3 years ago

What glycolysis product is transported into the mitochondria?

docker41 [41]

Answer:

This question lacks options, options are:

A) ATP

B) NADP

C) Pryuvate

D) glucose

E) acetyl-CoA.

The correct answer is C) Pyruvate.

Explanation:

Pyruvate is a very important compound for the cell since it is a key substrate for energy production and glucose synthesis (neo-glycogenesis), that is, pyruvate is the end product of glucose breakdown in glycolysis. Before entering the mitochondria, it can be converted to lactate, through an anaerobic reaction (in the absence or under oxygen supply) of low performance in energy production, when the main pathway is interfered with. It can also be converted to the amino acid alanine. Within the mitochondria, it can be transformed, by pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), into acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), the entry point (substrate) of the Krebs cycle. In addition, by means of pyruvate carboxylase, it can be transformed into oxalacetate, which constitutes the first step in neoglycogenesis.

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Flowering plants are the most successful land plants. This is due, in part, to the trait that could be the label for point C. in

mario62 [17]

Flowering plants are the most successful land plants because theri seeds are protected in fruits

6 0

3 years ago

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What is chemiosmosis?

Karo-lina-s [1.5K]

Answer:

The harvesting of energy from ATP to do cellular work

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

The cell theory eventually replaced the concept of spontaneous generation as a result of what experimental evidence?

miskamm [114]

Answer & explanation:

The cell was discovered in 1669 by the English scientist Robert Hooke when looking at a piece of tissue in a two-lens microscope. Hooke was able to visualize small cavities in the experiment piece, then naming such cell cavities.

Only a century and a half after the discovery of the cell, that the Cell Theory was launched, replacing the theory of spontaneous generation (or abiogenesis).

Before that, many scientists were already busy understanding the structure and functioning of the cell, generating knowledge that became fundamental to the development of biology, specifically cytology, a branch of science that studies the structure, functions and development of cells.

4 0

3 years ago