I am not 100% sure of the first question, but I would answer A.
The answer to the second question is definitely C.
Answer: I feel like all the options tie into one because they all apply in a way.
Explanation: Sam might feel it is ok to be in a sexual relationship because at one point or another you will eventually enter a sexual relationship. Sam might have his peers to enter a sexual relationship because he is the only one who isn't in one, he's the odd one out and they want him to experience what they experience being in a sexual relationship. Sam might decide to abstain from sex because it doesn't always end well, somedays his friends might tell him that they had a great time, other times they might tell him that it wasn't good and it could have been better so Sam isn't so sure. Sam might decide that teenagers should not enter sexual relationships because they're aren't always the best choice for a teenager.
I believe it is because you often have to do tests such as blood and stool tests to find them, and things like heartworm have to be in the right cycle and must have females present(other wise be in the right circumstances )