Option A. Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the <u>medulla oblongata</u>
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What is medulla oblongata ?
- Medulla oblongata, also called medulla, the lowest part of the brain and the lowest portion of the brainstem.
- The medulla oblongata is connected by the pons to the midbrain and is continuous posteriorly with the spinal cord, with which it merges at the opening (foramen magnum) at the base of the skull.
- The medulla oblongata plays a critical role in transmitting signals between the spinal cord and the higher parts of the brain and in controlling autonomic activities, such as heartbeat and respiration
- The medulla is divided into two main parts: the ventral medulla (the frontal portion) and the dorsal medulla (the rear portion; also known as the tegmentum).
- The ventral medulla contains a pair of triangular structures called pyramids, within which lie the pyramidal tracts.
- The pyramidal tracts are made up of the corticospinal tract (running from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord) and the corticobulbar tract (running from the motor cortex of the frontal lobe to the cranial nerves in the brainstem)
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Newton proved that the force that causes, for example, an apple to fall toward the ground is the same force that causes the moon to fall around, or orbit, the Earth. This universal force also acts between the Earth and the Sun, or any other star and its satellites. Each attracts the other.
Answer:
operant conditioning
Explanation:
In operant conditioning, organisms learn to associate events that repeatedly happen together. The word "operant" should be changed to the word "classical." any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice.
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ATP synthesization - Simple and complex lipids or carbohydrates are used to produce ATP through redox reactions. After the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates, glucose and fructose are formed and the triglycerides are metabolized to form glycerol and fatty acids. ATP is then synthesized by oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation during the energy production with in the living organisms. ATP production usually takes place in the mitochondria of the cell. The important pathways by which ATP is generated are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (or the Kreb’s cycle), and the electron transport chain (or the oxidative phosphorylation pathway). In these three cycles of cellular respiration adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is converted to ATP and energy is released from molecules.
<span>The part of the nephron conserves water and minimizes the volume of urine </span>loop of henle.
