Ans.
Protein synthesis involves formation of proteins, during which information present in DNA is used to make polypeptide chains. Hence, amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain is determined by the sequence that may differ in different species having proteins with same amino acid sequence.
Thus, the molecules that are used to compare different species with proteins having exact same amino acid sequences are DNA molecules.
Protein synthesis includes two steps, transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA gets converted into RNA by RNA polymerase enzyme, while during translation, RNA provides information to make proteins.
In RNA information is present as triplets of nucleotides, known as codon. Each code codes for a specific amino acid. There are a total of 64 codons, while number of protein-forming amino acids is 20. Hence, one amino acid can be coded by more than one codon and this property of codons is known as degeneracy of codons.
Thus, two species may have the same protein even if their DNA molecules are different because of degeneracy of codons.
D. Darwin's theory of natural selection shows that organisms evolve based on which one's survive the best and thrive.
Answer:
Biologists can grow specific plants to detoxify an area contaminated with heavy-metal pollution using the method of <u><em> Bioremediation. </em></u>
To rid an area of mosquitoes, biologists introduced a species of fish into bodies of water that feed on the mosquito larvae. This method is an example of <em>Biological Augmentation.</em>
Explanation:
Bioremediation can be described as a process which uses plants or microorganisms to detoxify contaminants that are present in an area. The enzymes of a plant or animal tend to break down the contaminants and hence, we can make an area rid of contaminants in this way.
Biological augmentation can be described as a method by which organisms such as bacteria are introduced in an area to get rid of wastes.
