Background- In patients with intracranial artery stenosis, a long-term advantage of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) over single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) for the prevention of recurrent stroke has not been proven. We studied patients with intracranial arterial stenosis who were enrolled in the Cilostazol Stroke Prevention Study for Antiplatelet Combination trial, a randomized controlled trial in high-risk Japanese patients with ischemic stroke, to compare the efficacy and safety of DAPT with cilostazol and clopidogrel or aspirin to those of SAPT with clopidogrel or aspirin. Techniques and Outcomes In patients with ischemic stroke with symptomatic or asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis of at least 50% in a major intracranial artery, we compared the vascular and hemorrhagic events between DAPT and SAPT.
Patients were divided into two groups: 275 were given DAPT, while 272 were given SAPT. In contrast to SAPT, which had a higher risk of serious or life-threatening bleeding, DAPT had a lower risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23-0.95); and a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular mortality (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26-0.91). Conclusions In patients with intracranial artery stenosis following stroke, DAPT using cilostazol was superior than SAPT using clopidogrel or aspirin for the prevention of recurrent stroke and vascular events without raising bleeding risk.
<h3>What is
stroke?</h3>
When anything prevents blood flow to a portion of the brain or when a blood artery in the brain bursts, a stroke, also known as a brain attack, happens. The brain either ages or suffers harm in both scenarios. A stroke may result in permanent brain damage, chronic disability, or even fatality.
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A C D I believe is the correct answer
Answer:
The correct answer is - Type 2 diabetes mellitus has major components: insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion.
Explanation:
In type 2 diabetes there are two major components that play an important role to cause this that are Insulin resistance in which insulin could not bind with the specific receptors that result in less effective at stimulating glucose uptake.
The other major component is impaired insulin secretion in which an increased amount of insulin is required that there is not enough insulin to prevent the breakdown of fats and production of ketones.
Pregnancy has no effect on blood flow. receiving a blood transfusion increases blood flow greatly.
<h3>What is blood transfusion?</h3>
Intravenously putting blood components into a person's circulation is known as a blood transfusion. For a number of medical disorders, transfusions are performed to replenish lost blood components.
Patients who have sustained major injuries in vehicle accidents or natural disasters are treated with blood transfusions. Blood transfusions are frequently given to people who have a condition like leukemia or kidney disease, both of which can induce anemia.
Through a little tube inserted into a vein in your arm, donated blood is given to you as part of a standard medical operation known as a blood transfusion. Blood lost during surgery or an accident can be replaced with the aid of this potentially life-saving technique.
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