However, during prophase. I homologous chromosomes pair up and become attached to one another. At this time, crossing over<span> moves sections of DNA between homologous chromosomes and allows for </span>independent assortment<span>. particular chromosome when </span>crossing over<span> does not occur. that is the answer</span>
Answer:
By designing suitable gene therapies in order to restore target gene expression.
Explanation:
Cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy are inherited genetic disorders associated with serious health problems. Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, and it is a condition associated with abnormal production of sticky mucus that leads to problems in the lungs and the digestive systems. On the other hand, muscular dystrophy is produced by mutations in genes localized on the X chromosome such as, for example, the gene 'dystrophin'. Gene therapy is an experimental approach used to compensate abnormal gene function by introducing exogenous genetic material and thus restore their altered protein products. Consequently, personalized gene therapies can be useful to treat inherited disorders such as cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy.
The incorrect statement about the nitrogen cycle is option A: nitrate and nitrite reductases in denitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrogen gas.
The biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is changed into ammonia, and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are known as diazotrophs. Fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification are significant nitrogen cycle processes. Ammonia is converted to nitrites and then to nitrates which are absorbed by plants with the help of their roots. Therefore, option A is incorrect.
Through bacteria that fix nitrogen from the atmosphere, nitrogen enters the living world. Soil bacteria convert this nitrogen and nitrogenous animal waste back into gaseous nitrogen, supplying the organic nitrogen required by terrestrial food webs.
To know more about nitrogen cycle, refer to the following link:
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Answer:
A) ADH secretion decreases. B) Urine osmolarity decreases.
Explanation:
Antidiuretic Hormone or ADH is responsible for the reabsorption of water through the kidneys.
A) Drinking alcoholic and/or caffeinated beverages decreases the release and effect of ADH so the water does not get absorbed as much as it should, which in turn results in more urination.
B) Osmolarity is a term used to express the concentration of a solution in terms of a certain particle. Since less ADH secretion results in more water being in the urine, this lowers the concentration of the urine. So urine osmolarity would be decreased.
I hope this answer helps.