Answer:
1. Apoplastic
2. Symplastic
3. Symplastic
4. Apoplastic
Explanation:
The interconnected porous cell walls of plant cells make apoplast along which water is allowed to move freely. Symplast refers to the path made up of interconnected cytoplasm of many plant cells connected by plasmodesmata. Therefore, water and dissolved minerals enter the root cortex from the epidermis in the solution can move through symplast and apoplast till endodermis.
Water and dissolved minerals present in the cytoplasm of cortical cells move from one cell to next via plasmodesmata (the symplast) while the ones present in their cell walls and intercellular space move through apoplast. The presence of casparian strips in the endodermal cell wall does not allow the movement of water and minerals through the apoplast.
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Answer:
e. bind to troponin which moves the tropomyosin.
Explanation:
Troponin (Tn) is a protein complex composed of three different proteins: troponin C (TnC), troponin I (TnI), and troponin T (TnT). This complex is found both in skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles, where TnC attaches calcium ions through four and three calcium ion-binding sites, respectively. When a muscle is relaxed, Tn attaches to tropomyosin to prevent muscle contraction. During muscle contraction, calcium channels open and cytosolic calcium ions bind to TnC, thereby Tn changes its conformation and moves the tropomyosin. This process relieves the inhibition of the interaction between actin and myosin filaments, which makes muscle contraction possible.
The correct answer is d. morula.
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A morula is a stage in early development, formed 3–4 days after fertilization. It is a 16-cell mass which forms a solid ball contained within the zona pellucida. A morula develops into a blastocyst.</span>