Phosphate groups of the nucleotides in the diagram are marked with W.
Option C.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
DNA is a macro molecule which is formed of polymerization of deoxyribonucleotides. Four types of deoxyribonucleotides are present which are adenosine, guanosine, thymidine and cytosine triphosphate. These nucleotides are polymerized based on the genetic setup.
The phosphate groups attached with the sugar molecule are actually polymerized with the o glycosidic bond. That's marked with the letter W. These phosphate molecules are attached with the sugar molecules which actually are attached with the nitrogen bases. They in total forms a nucleotide, hence the whole DNA. X in the diagram are nitrogen bases and the Y are the hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogen bases
Explanation: During endocytosis (endo means inside) a cell will use its cell membrane to engulf an object which is outside of the cell. This process takes effort by the cell, so it needs to use energy (ATP!) The process which is the reverse of endocytosis is exocytosis (exo means outside - think exit).
Pyruvic acid oxidation or pyruvate oxidation (produces Acetyl Co-A)
Citric Acid cycle
Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Explanation:
In the cytoplasm, the process of glycolysis involves the conversion of 6-carbon glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH as well.
The two pyruvate molecules enter the mitochondrial matrix where they are converted to Acetyl Co-A by the enzyme <em>pyruvate dehydrogenase</em>.
Acetyl Co-A enters the Kreb's cycle or citric acid cycle that generates ATP, NADH and FADH2.
The NADH and FADH2 produced are converted into ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain.
