1. Answer;
-Disaccharide
Lactose, the sugar in milk, is a disaccharide, because it can be split into two monosaccharides.
Explanation;
A disaccharide is a sugar (a carbohydrate) composed of two monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose that make up the disaccharide sucrose. It is formed when two sugars are joined together and a molecule of water is removed. Therefore; they are the products of a condensation reaction between two monosaccharides.
For example;
Glucose + fructose = sucrose ; (condensation of two monomers)
2. Answer;
-Carbohydrate
Explanation;
A simple sugar is composed of equal parts carbon and water, which gave rise to the general name of any sugar as carbohydrate.
-Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecule on Earth. Living organisms use carbohydrates as accessible energy to fuel cellular reactions and for structural support inside cell walls. Cells attach carbohydrate molecules to proteins and lipids, modifying structures to enhance functionality.
-Monosaccharides, which are simple sugars that serve as fuel molecules as well as fundamental constituents of living organisms, are the simplest carbohydrates, and are required as energy sources.
3. Answer;
-Polysaccharides
Explanation;
A carbohydrate that yields many monosaccharides when hydrolyzed is a polysaccharide.
-A polysaccharide is a large molecule made of many smaller monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Monosaccharides are simple sugars, like glucose. On hydrolysis give the constituent monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. They range in structure from linear to highly branched.
-Three important polysaccharides, starch, glycogen, and cellulose, are composed of glucose. Starch and glycogen serve as short-term energy stores in plants and animals, respectively. The glucose monomers are linked by α glycosidic bonds.
4. Answer;
-Monosaccharide
A monosaccharide cannot be hydrolyzed any further.
Explanation;
Monosaccharides are the building blocks of disaccharides (such as sucrose and lactose) and polysaccharides (such as cellulose and starch). Monosaccharides are the simplest units of carbohydrates and the simplest form of sugar. They are monomers of other carbohydrates polymers, such as disaccharides and polysaccharides.
Examples of monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose. They can not be hydrolyzed any further since they are the simplest and most basic carbohydrates.
