<h2>Cholinergic and Adrenergic neurons</h2>
Explanation:
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a dual innervations system which innervates internal organs of the body through the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Depending upon the neurotransmitter and receptor used, the ANS fibers are classified as cholinergic or adrenergic neurons.
The preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic and the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACH) and hence are called cholinergic neurons.
The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system releases catecholamine like norepinephrine(NE) and hence called as adrenergic neurons.
The cholinergic neurons store ACH in the synaptic terminals. They are myelinated to aid in faster neurotransmission. The ACH neurotransmitter released from preganglionic neurons activates the two receptors – nicotinic ACH and muscarinic receptors on the postganglionic neurons
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The postganglionic neurons releasing NE binds to the adrenergic receptors – Alpha 1 and 2, Beta 1, 2, and 3.
Answer:
For heart disease and hypertension: Because they contain NSAIDs. It can raise blood pressure and cause other related problems.
For glaucoma: Because is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist, which can induce angle closure by mydriasis. People with glaucoma have narrow drainage angles.
For urinary retention: It can cause urinary retention because of its systemic action on α-adrenergic receptors.
Answer:
Các thuốc có đặc tính kháng cholinergic bao gồm thuốc chống nôn (promethazin), thuốc điều trị parkinson (benztropine), thuốc chống co thắt đường tiêu hóa (propantheline), thuốc chống co thắt bàng quang (oxybutynin, tolterodine) và thuốc chống trầm cảm (imipramin).
